Hunting turkeys with a 20-gauge shotgun offers a compelling blend of manageable recoil and effective stopping power. While not as popular as 12-gauge, the 20-gauge is a viable and increasingly popular choice for many hunters, especially those seeking a lighter, more comfortable shooting experience. This guide delves into the best turkey loads for 20 gauge, considering various factors like shot size, payload, and choke.
Choosing the Right 20 Gauge Turkey Load: Key Considerations
Selecting the optimal 20-gauge turkey load depends on several crucial factors:
1. Shot Size: Finding the Sweet Spot for Lethal Impact
The most significant decision is choosing the right shot size. For 20-gauge turkey hunting, No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6 shot are the most commonly used.
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No. 4 Shot: Offers excellent stopping power at longer ranges but may result in slightly more pellet deformation than smaller shot sizes. Ideal for shots beyond 40 yards, though shot placement is crucial at any distance.
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No. 5 Shot: A great all-around choice, balancing penetration with pattern density. This size is effective at ranges typical for most turkey hunting situations (under 40 yards).
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No. 6 Shot: Provides denser patterns, excellent for close-range shots (under 30 yards). Its smaller size sacrifices some penetration compared to No. 4 or No. 5.
Important Note: The effectiveness of each shot size depends heavily on the choke used. A tighter choke will concentrate the shot pattern, while a more open choke will spread it out.
2. Payload: More Pellets, More Potential for Kills
The payload, or the number of pellets in each shell, significantly impacts the effectiveness of your shot. Higher pellet counts generally translate to denser patterns and a greater chance of hitting vital areas. Look for 20-gauge turkey loads with the highest pellet count possible for your chosen shot size.
3. Choke: Optimizing Pattern Density for Your Shot Size
The choke tube is critical for achieving tight, consistent patterns. For 20-gauge turkey hunting, a full choke is generally recommended, especially when using No. 4 or No. 5 shot. A modified choke can be used with No. 6 shot, but a full choke will often yield better results even at close range.
Experimenting with different chokes and loads on a patterning board before hunting is highly recommended to determine the optimal combination for your shotgun and hunting style.
4. Shell Type: Understanding the Options
While most hunters utilize traditional shotshells, some manufacturers offer specialized turkey loads with features designed to enhance performance. These might include:
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Hevi-Shot or other heavier shot: These offer increased penetration and energy at longer ranges, but usually come at a higher cost.
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Tungsten-based shot: Even denser than lead, tungsten provides incredible penetration. However, it is significantly more expensive.
Top Performing 20 Gauge Turkey Loads (General Recommendations)
While specific recommendations vary based on individual firearm performance, several manufacturers consistently produce high-quality 20-gauge turkey loads. Research reviews and consult with experienced turkey hunters to determine which loads perform best with your specific shotgun. Remember to always check your firearm's manual for recommended ammunition types.
Beyond the Load: Essential Tips for Success
Even with the best ammunition, successful turkey hunting requires additional skill and knowledge.
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Practice: Practice regularly at various distances to become proficient with your shotgun and chosen load.
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Shot Placement: Accurate shot placement is paramount, regardless of the load used. Aim for the head and neck.
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Patience and Scouting: Effective scouting and patience are vital to finding and successfully hunting turkeys.
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Ethical Hunting Practices: Always adhere to all applicable hunting regulations and prioritize ethical hunting practices.
By carefully considering the factors discussed above and practicing diligently, you can significantly increase your chances of a successful turkey hunt with your 20-gauge shotgun. Remember, the best load is the one that consistently delivers the tightest, most effective pattern for your specific shotgun and hunting situation.
