The MLA Handbook provides a standardized system for citing sources in academic writing. Understanding how to properly cite sources is crucial for avoiding plagiarism and giving credit where it's due. This guide will delve into MLA citation principles, focusing specifically on how to cite sources related to Christian charity models, which often involve a diverse range of materials.
What is the MLA Handbook?
The MLA Handbook is the definitive guide to MLA style, a widely adopted citation format primarily used in the humanities. It dictates rules for formatting papers, creating in-text citations, and composing a "Works Cited" page. The goal is consistency and clarity in academic writing, ensuring readers can easily locate and verify the sources used in a paper. The current edition (9th edition) emphasizes brevity and clarity, simplifying some citation processes.
Citing Sources Related to Christian Charity Models: Common Source Types
Christian charity models are often discussed across various sources, including religious texts, theological treatises, historical documents, sociological studies, and contemporary articles. Knowing how to cite each type is vital. Let's examine a few common source types and their MLA citations.
1. Religious Texts (e.g., the Bible)
Citing scripture requires a slightly different approach than other sources. You should generally include the book, chapter, and verse numbers. Here's how you might cite a passage from the New Testament:
In-text citation: (Matt. 25:31-46)
Works Cited entry (if you are citing a specific translation):
New International Version. Biblica, 2011.
2. Theological Treatises and Books
For theological works, follow the standard MLA format for books:
In-text citation: (Smith 127) (assuming the quote is on page 127 of Smith's book)
Works Cited entry:
Smith, John. A Theology of Charity. Oxford University Press, 2020.
3. Historical Documents (e.g., Letters, Sermons)
When citing historical documents, provide as much detail as possible, including the author (if known), title, date, location (if applicable), and archival information (if available):
In-text citation: (Letter from Augustine, 397 CE)
Works Cited entry:
Augustine. Letter to Marcellinus. The Complete Works of Saint Augustine. Edited by Philip Schaff, Vol. 1, Eerdmans, 1991, pp. 123-135.
4. Academic Journal Articles
Journal articles are cited using the standard MLA format for periodicals:
In-text citation: (Jones 45)
Works Cited entry:
Jones, Mary. “Models of Christian Charity in the 21st Century.” Journal of Religious Studies, vol. 15, no. 2, 2023, pp. 40-55, https://doi.org/XXXXXXXXX. (Replace XXXXXXXXX with the actual DOI)
5. Websites and Online Resources
Always include a URL and the date you accessed the website:
In-text citation: (“Christian Charity”)
Works Cited entry:
“Christian Charity: A Modern Perspective.” Theological Reflections, www.theologicalreflections.com/charity. Accessed 15 Oct. 2023.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How do I cite a quote within a quote?
Use single quotation marks for the inner quote and double quotation marks for the outer quote. In your in-text citation, cite the original source.
What if I can’t find the author of a website or document?
If the author is unavailable, start with the title of the work in the Works Cited entry.
How do I cite a translated work?
Include the translator's name after the title in the Works Cited entry, preceded by "Trans. by".
What if the source doesn't have page numbers?
If the source doesn't have page numbers, use paragraph numbers or section headings if available. If neither is available, you might need to reconsider the credibility and suitability of the source for academic work.
How important is accuracy in MLA citations?
Accuracy in MLA citations is paramount. Incorrect citations can be considered plagiarism, even if unintentional. Always double-check your work carefully.
This guide provides a foundation for understanding MLA citations in the context of Christian charity models. Remember to consult the latest edition of the MLA Handbook for the most up-to-date rules and conventions. Thorough and accurate citations are essential for maintaining academic integrity and demonstrating responsible scholarship.
